Archaeology

What is Archaeology?

Archaeology is the reconstruction of ancient human behavior through the recovery and analysis of artifacts and environmental data through excavation, survey and scientific techniques. At UIC our teaching and research emphasis focuses on prehistoric, historical and heritage archaeology.

Prehistoric archaeology is the scientific study of human experience through physical remains such as stone tools, pottery, butchered animal bones, buildings and landscapes. It offers a window into human environmental adaptations, technological shifts, and ancient societal changes.

Historical archaeology is the study of societies using a dual approach that combines physical evidence with written texts, maps, and oral accounts. Researchers cross-reference material remains against the often biased or incomplete narratives recorded in ‘official’ documents. Both branches of prehistoric and historical archaeology excel at uncovering the daily lives of marginalized groups whose stories were omitted from traditional history books.

Heritage archaeology considers modern-day practices associated with both museum anthropology and cultural resource management (CRM). Museum anthropology studies the history, collection, display, ownership and repatriation of cultural artifacts within modern museum spaces. This branch also focuses on the practical and ethical recontextualization of museum-based collections into archaeological discussions. Cultural resource management is the professional practice of identifying, evaluating, and protecting archaeological and historical sites in compliance with environmental and preservation laws.

Archaeology at UIC

After completing ANTH 102 Introduction to Archaeology, undergraduates may take a range of courses organized around three archaeological themes: Topical Prehistory, Theory, and Skills. Students can take any electives that are of interest to them but are encouraged to work with our faculty to choose courses that will best complement their career and post-graduate goals. Prospective graduate applicants should refer to the Graduate page for information relating to the required and elective coursework.

Topical Prehistory

Southwestern Archaeology
Archaeology of North America
Ancient Civilizations of Mexico and Central America
Andean Prehistory
Archaeology of Europe
Archaeology of Buddhism
Archaeology of Mainland Southeast Asia